Could be possible to diagnose the risks of breast and over cancer beforehand?

Often observed, breast cancer is the most important reason of the deaths among women from cancer. The disease is result from gene mutations in 50% ,called BRCA1 and BRCA2. Nearly 33% of women, under the ageof 30 and diagnosed breast cancer, are already carrying one of these mutations.

Over cancers, on the other side, are on the fifth place for deaths from cancer. Some of this cancer types have stories of inheritance, and mostly they are from BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.

The risk of developing breast and over cancers is considerably increasing among people who inherited this disease from their family roots. The existence of BRCA1 mutation for breast and over cancers is 85% and 45% in saying order.  BRCA2 mutation is also increased similarly for breast cancer, but the risk for over cancer is 27%.

In our medical center checking BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene areas for people who are suffering these type of cancers is in use.  In this way it is possible to define of the 97% of the mutations.

The risks of developing cancers in people who carry mutations

The implementation of genetic testing is required to predetermine the risk of BRCA Breast and Ovarium Cancer. BRCA DNA analysis is recommended after analysis completed for people who are at risk. The important and logical thing is not to make each of these tests for every people. First the individuals with familial cancer history should get detailed information. Regarding to these points these tests may be suggested to people who have the characteristics or features below;

Proposed status BRCA DNA analysis;

• Advanced breast cancer before the age of 50
• People’s 2 or more relatives who have breast cancer detected 
• Breast cancer detected in individuals with a male relative 
• 2 times in the same breast cancer development story 
• Cancer detection in both breast
• Identified at any age overian cancer story

BRCA DNA analysis

Today, on people who are at risk and recommended BRCA DNA analysis, the genetic regions have technical difficulties becuse of their long genetic sequence. According to the genetic regions analysis, BRCA1 is localized in 17th chromosome long arm and has 23 exons. Approx. 1200 BRCA1 gene mutations are defined in patients. BRCA2 is localized in 13th chromosome long arm and has 27 exons. Until now, over 900 mutations in BRCA2 gene region has been described.

Analysis of test results in patients with the BRCA gene regions can be prosessed within 3-4 months becuse of the long genetic regions and surplus of the mutations. In some cases person’s or relative’s can be asked for blood sampling again to make the results exact. Dna sequence analysis is one of the primary techniques used for genetic examination of gene region. Totally 50 exons which generate the BRCA1 and BRCA2 can be examined individually and mutations can be detected with that technique. Methodologically 97-98% of mutations can be identified in patients.

Analysis methods

• DNA sequence analysis
• MLPA analysis (deletion & duplication)

MLPA analysis is applied for describing the changes in major parts deletions and insertions while dna analysis can not detect. MLPA analysis can be applied when the mutation is not observed in patients in the 2nd phase at the inital review of DNA sequence analysis. Increase of the risk of BRCA genes can be eliminated in the cases where the mutations can not be identified and DNA sequence and MLPA analysis applied. To be able to identify people at risk, implementation of MLPA analysis at first base can increase the cost to patients. In addition, it is not certainly possible to make comment with only using MLPA analysis. In our center we can eliminate these risks with using DNA sequence analysis methods to identify BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene regions in patients who have Breast and ovarian cancer. Approx. 97% mutations can be detected by analysis.